Aging makes conceiving difficult, adding to that the biological clock slows down and reproductive issues like infertility and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/Disorder (PCOS) make pregnancy more tough, expensive, and painful. Freezing embryos or eggs is in a way stopping your biological clock; it involves freezing healthy eggs at a younger age for the future.
Freezing embryos or oocyte cryopreservation is a process in which women are given hormone injections to stimulate their ovaries which results in the production of multiple eggs, then these eggs are recovered from the ovary and quickly frozen and stored in a storage cell containing liquid hydrogen for a future date. Many women choose to donate their eggs, these eggs help in assisted reproduction; this process is known as frozen embryo transfer (FET). In FET, the frozen embryos from either the last or fresh IVF or the donated egg are thawed and transferred into the woman’s uterus.
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Why do people freeze embryos?
IVF or In Vitro Fertilization can be taxing not only emotionally and physically but financially as well. Many couples want many children and freeze the embryos to plan a family in the future. This helps them avoid the whole process of IVF again.
Many women freeze their embryos as they do not see themselves having children anytime soon; it may be due to their career decisions or their relationship status. And they worry about their declining reproductive health as they age, freezing their embryos enables them to use them in the future and have increased chances of conceiving. They hope to have more than one child and welcome the chance to freeze embryos for future use.
Other than that, many women freeze their eggs before going into chemotherapy, as a cancer treatment is toxic for the ovaries and menopause is one of the side-effects of the treatment. There are many other medical reasons that women chose to have their eggs frozen.
What is the correct age to freeze eggs?
The ideal age to freeze embryos in the late 20s or the early 30s as they are the most reproductive years. The nature and number of eggs that are harvested influence the success rate. As age increases, there is a decline in embryo fertility and often more chromosome anomalies. And not all eggs can be successfully frozen and thawed, some of them get damaged during the process. But the average age of women freezing eggs is 36 years.
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What does the process involve and what are its risks?
It is like an IVF process.
The patient will be given anesthesia and a needle will puncture the vaginal tissue. It has a chance of contamination, but as far as surgical operations are concerned, it is a low-risk operation.
The treatment starts as a woman is given a round of hormone injections, which induce the ovary to produce several eggs. In this stage, you are required to visit the fertility clinic multiple visits to the Fertility Clinic, around 5-10 times as the ovaries are examined using vaginal ultra-sound. After around a week or two of hormone injections, the doctor removes the embryos from the ovary.
The process of removing embryos takes around ten to fifteen minutes and thankfully you are knocked out or sedated by anesthesia during this process.
The doctor uses ultrasound to guide a long needle through the vagina towards the ovarian follicle that contains the eggs. Attached to the end of the needle is a suction device that removes the embryos from the ovary follicles. This process is often compared to drawing blood.
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Although the surgical operation is largely safe, the hormone injections do hold a threat of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) which leads certain women to get sick, this happens when a woman’s body’s reaction is too strong to the hormones. This further leads to ovaries getting inflamed and painful. She might also experience stomachache, nausea, and vomiting.
Hyper stimulated ovaries release a lot of fluid, that needs to be drained from the abdomen using a needle. OHSS is a rare occurrence, majorly in younger women who are in their 20s and 30s. This happens to less than 5% of patients. But there are extreme cases, OHSS is found to lead to an increase in the risk of kidney-related issues and blood clots also in exceedingly rare occurrences, it was fatal.
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In most fertility centers, egg extracting costs about $10,000, and add that to the cost of drugs include drugs that can range from $3,000 to $5,000. The annual cost of keeping the embryos in the cold storage is from $500 to $1,000. And when you are ready to use the eggs, they must be thawed and then fertilized to prepare for the IVF process. Each IVF round costs between $3,500 and $5,000. So, it is an expensive process, if you are considering it ask your fertility center if they provide a guarantee program or not.
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